Synthesis of Tungsten-Modified Sn3O4 through the Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide-Assisted Solvothermal Method for Dye Decolorization under Visible Light Irradiation

Novel tungsten-modified mixed-valence tin oxides (Sn3O4) with two oxidation numbers, such as Sn2+ and Sn4+, were successfully prepared by the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted solvothermal method in one-step using (II) chloride dihydrate sodium tungstate (IV) precursors for dye degradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation. The synthesized materials characterized various techniques to investigate surface/structural morphology optical property. presence tungsten optimized amount CTAB preparation favorable photocatalytic reaction. In particular, when 0.03 was added W-modified Sn3O4 (W-Sn3O4@CTAB) its concentration 0.6 mg/mL, 10 mg/L MO could be decolorized almost completely 40 min, apparent reaction rate constant 0.0496 min−1. improvement activity this proposed W-Sn3O4 results from increased reduction power, enhanced separation electron–hole pairs, extended absorption range, band structure additive. radical trapping experiments showed that main reactive species during are superoxide ions. developed photocatalysts may contribute development environmental technology.